North & Central America

Canada

Canada exchanged smallpox relatively frequently across the US-Canada border through the 1930s. (DA Henderson's Canadian mother attended nursing school in Detroit, nursing smallpox patients in the Detroit/Windsor area in about 1918.) Although a mild form of smallpox had become predominant, some observers noted increasing severity beginning about 1910, so that during an outbreak in Vancouver during 1932, there were 16 deaths among 56 reported cases. Smallpox occourrence fell rapidly after this point and endemic smallpox was eliminated by about 1945.

* Cited in Smallpox and its Eradication, Fenner et al, WHO 1988

Year	Title	Authors	Journal	URL
HISTORICAL SMALLPOX & ITS CONTROL
	OVERVIEWS & ANALYSIS
1940	Hospital care of smallpox in Montreal	Stewart RC	Can Med Assoc J 1940 43(4): 381-3	PMC: PMC1826494
1970	[The great smallpox epidemic] French	Desjardins E	Union Med Can 1970 99(8): 1470-7
1983	John Jeffries and the struggle against smallpox in Boston (1775-1776) and Nova Scotia (1776-1779)	Cash P, Pine C	Bull Hist Med 1983 57(1): 93-7
1999	Smallpox and its control in Canada	McIntyre JW, Houston CS	CMAJ 1999 161(12):1543-7	PMC: PMC1230874
*1983	Causes of mortality in a subarctic settlement (York Factory, Man.), 1714-1946	Ewart WB	Can Med Assoc J 1983 129(6): 571-4	PMC: PMC1875594
2004	Averting disaster: the Hudson's Bay Company and smallpox in western Canada during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries	Hackett P	Bull Hist Med 2004 78(3):575-609	DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2004.0119
	CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTS
1829	Account of the typhus fever, and fatal epidemic variola and varioloid disease, that prevailed in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in the summer of 1827 and winters of 1827-8	Donnelly W	Lond Med Phys J 1829 7(37):11-21	PMC: PMC5671076
1855	Epidemic of small-pox in Quebec, supposed to depend upon the opening of an intramural small-pox cemetery, 214 years old	Gibb GD	J Public Health Sanit Rev 1855 1(2): 113-7	PMC: PMC5975776
1885	Editorial. The inspection against small-pox on the Canadian frontier		Buffalo Med Surg J 1885 25(4): 182-9	PMC: PMC9439305
1885	Small-pox in Canada, and the methods of dealing with it in the different provinces	Bryce PH	Public Health Pap Rep 1885 11:166-81	PMC: PMC2266210
1912	A series of cases of small-pox, with some remarks on diagnosis and vaccination	Whitelaw TH	Can Med Assoc J 1912 2(12): 1106-12	PMC: PMC1579629
1913	The diagnosis of smallpox	McNally HH	Can Med Assoc J 1913 3(3): 208-10	PMC: PMC1579717
1913	The diagnosis of smallpox	Whitelaw TH	Can Med Assoc J 1913 3(5): 405-7	PMC: PMC1579750
1914	Smallpox and chicken-pox	Hill HW	Can Med Assoc J 1914 4(2): 115-27	PMC: PMC406567
1916	Acupuncture the best means of vaccination against smallpox	Hill HW	Can Med Assoc J 1916 6(3): 193-5	PMC: PMC1584424
1920	On the early diagnosis of variola: A note on the conditions of the blood and spleen	Gwyn NB	Can Med Assoc J 1920 10(5): 447-50	PMC: PMC1523893
1921	Smallpox incidence and measures of control in American and Canadian cities 1919 and 1920	Frankel LK	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1921 11(11): 979-85	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.11.11.979 PMC: PMC1353947
1921	Recent smallpox in Edmonton and deductions therefrom	Whitelaw TH	Can Med Assoc J 1921 11(11):805-8	PMC: PMC1524409
1921	Editorial. The prevention of small-pox		Can Med Assoc J 1921 11(11): 855	PMC: PMC1524416
1923	The clinical diagnosis of smallpox and chickenpox	Hill HW	Can Med Assoc J 1923 13(3): 162-7	PMC: PMC1706981
1924	Lessons from the Windsor outbreak of smallpox: from the Provincial Board of Health, Ontario		Can Med Assoc J 1924 14(4):315-6	PMC: PMC1707452
1924	The epidemic of virulent smallpox in Windsor and the vicinity	Adams F	Can Med Assoc J 1924 14(8):692-6	PMC: PMC1707573
1924	A smallpox epidemic	Dewar RK	Can Med Assoc J 1924 14(7):629-30	PMC: PMC1707699
1925	Editorial. Smallpox		Can Med Assoc J 1925 15(12): 1257-8	PMC: PMC1708810
1925	Editorial. Smallpox and vaccination		Can Med Assoc J 1925 15(6): 657-8	PMC: PMC1708186
1926	Editorial. The Seymour Plan for elimination of diphtheria, smallpox and typhoid		Can Med Assoc J 1926 16(11):1376-7	PMC: PMC1709129
1927	The specific duties of medical officers of health in dealing with communicable diseases: part I-smallpox, typhoid fever, diphtheria	Roberts J	Can Med Assoc J 1927 17(10 Pt 1):1178-82	PMC: PMC408174
1928	Smallpox vaccination	Defries RD, McKinnon NE	Can Med Assoc J 1928 19(5): 525-33	PMC: PMC1710125
1933	Smallpox epidemics	HEM	Can Med Assoc J 1933 29(2): 194	PMC: PMC402980

SMALLPOX & POLICY AFTER ITS ELIMINATION
1946	[Editorial] Smallpox in Canada: is there danger of an outbreak?		Can Med Assoc J 1946 55(1):71	PMC: PMC1582869
1962	Smallpox in Toronto, 1962	McLean DM, Brown JR, Bell JS	Can Med Assoc J 1962 87(14): 772-3	PMC: PMC1849657
1962	Smallpox in Toronto, 1962	Ranney EK	Can Med Assoc J 1962 87(24): 1291	PMC: PMC1920841
1962	Medicine: Jimmy Orr's fateful journey		Time 1962 Aug 31	URL: https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,938891,00.html
*1965	Smallpox control in Canada	Best EW, Davies JW	Can Med Assoc J 1965 92(24):1247-52	PMC: PMC1928403
1969	Letter. Smallpox vaccination	Albers HJ	Can Med Assoc J 1969 101(8): 118	PMC: PMC1946330
1969	Letter. Smallpox vaccination	Shaper AA	Can Med Assoc J 1969 101(3): 174	PMC: PMC1946201
1973	Letter. Smallpox vaccination	Marks MI, Shapera R, Brazeau M	Can Med Assoc J 1973 109(6): 463	PMC: PMC1946905
1973	Letter. Smallpox vaccination	Moghadam H	Can Med Assoc J 1973 109(6): 458 passim	PMC: PMC1946925
1980	WER. Complications of smallpox vaccination, Aug 29 1980 Canada. 3 case reports	WHO	Wkly Epidemol Rec 1980 Aug 29 55(35):271	WHO: 10665/223198

Mexico

Year	Title	Authors	Journal	URL
HISTORICAL SMALLPOX & ITS CONTROL
	OVERVIEWS & ANALYSIS
1961	[Smallpox in New Spain] Spanish	Somolinos D'Ardois G	Gac Med Mex 1961 91: 1015-24
1982	State church charity and smallpox: an epidemic crisis in the City of Mexico 1797-98	Price R	J R Soc Med 1982 75(5): 356-67	DOI: 10.1177/014107688207500513 PMC: PMC1437754
2020	Three different paths to introduce the smallpox vaccine in early 19th century United States	Esparza J	Vaccine 2020 38(12): 2741-5	DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.077
2011	[Strategies, actors, promises and fears in the smallpox vaccinations campaigns in Mexico: from the Porfiriato to the Post-revolution (1880-1940)] Spanish	Agostoni C	Cien Saude Colet 2011 16(2): 459-70	DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232011000200009
2015	Control, containment and health education in the smallpox-vaccination campaigns in Mexico in the 1940s	Agostoni C	Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos 2015 22(2): 355-70	DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702015000200004
1997	[The bicentenary of smallpox vaccination] Spanish	Kumate J, Xavier de Balmis F, Garcia-Procel E, Fernandez-de Castro J, Sepulveda-Amor J, Castro-Perez R, Kretschmer R	Gac Med Mex 1997 133(2): 91-120
2004	[Historical perspective of smallpox in Mexico: emergence, elimination, and risk of reemergence due to bioterrorism] Spanish	Franco-Paredes C, Lammoglia L, Santos-Preciado JI	Gac Med Mex 2004 140(3): 321-7
2011	Health security and disease control: lessons from Mexico	Frenk J, Gomez-Dantes O	Vaccine 2011 29 Suppl 4: D149-51	DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.024

	CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTS 1900-1952
1900	The Jenner vaccine well preserved and carefully propagated is a permanent preservative against smallpox	Licéaga E	Public Health Pap Rep 1900 26: 92-7	PMC: PMC2329240
1945	[Cases and deaths from smallpox in the Mexican Republic recorded in 1945] Spanish		Bol Epidemiol (Mex City Mex) 1945 (8): 29-33
1946	[Smallpox; main sources of infection in the Mexican Republic] Spanish		Bol Epidemiol (Mex City Mex) 1946: 21-5,
1951	[Evolution of smallpox in Mexico and program for its control] Spanish	Calderon C, Pintado R, Celis H	Medicina (Mex) 1951 31(627): 164-70
1952	[Suppression of the endemoepidemic state of smallpox in Mexico] Spanish	Calderon C, Celis H, Pintado R	Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1952 33(2): 128-34	PAHO: 10665.2/11928
1952	[Elimination of smallpox in Mexico] Spanish	Gamboa RP	Rev Asoc Medica Mex 1952 32(655): suppl 97-101
1952	[400 Years of smallpox] Spanish		Rev Asoc Medica Mex 1952 32(655): suppl 104-7
1955	[Smallpox in Mexico] Spanish	Garcia Sanchez F, Celis Salazar H, Carboney Mora C	Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1955 38(3): 296-306 Reissued in 1992: Salud Publica Mex 1992 34(5):577-87	PAHO: 10665.2/14357
1962	[National program of anti-smallpox protection] Spanish	Cancino J	Salud Publica Mex 1962 4: 239-41
1964	[Programs and measures for national protection against smallpox] Spanish	Espinosa Gonzalez E	Salud Publica Mex 1964 6(5): 831-4
1965	[Smallpox - a constant menace] Spanish World Health Day ceremony, Unidad de Congresos del Centro Médico Nacional, 7 Apr 1965	Coll HA	Salud Publica Mex 1965 7(2): 283-6
1965	[Smallpox in Mexico] Spanish	Moreno Valle R	Salud Publica Mex 1965 7(2): 149-54
1969	[Susceptibility to smallpox in the marginal population of the Distrito Federal] Spanish	Calderon E, Larios G, Gomez D, Heredia A, Vanzzini V, Genera Y	Salud Publica Mex 1969 11(1): 53-60
1971	[Prevention of communicable diseases in Mexico. II. Smallpox] Spanish	Vilchis-Villasenor J	Gac Med Mex 1971 101(2): 144-53
1977	[The 25th anniversary of variola eradication in Mexico. I. Introduction] Spanish	Bustamante ME	Gac Med Mex 1977 113(12): 555-6
1977	[The 25th anniversary of smallpox eradication in Mexico. III. From the independence (1821) till the eradication] Spanish	Erosa-Barbachano A	Gac Med Mex 1977 113(12): 560-2
1977	[Smallpox and the National Academy of Medicine] Spanish	Fernandez del Castillo F	Gac Med Mex 1977 113(12): 563-4
1977	[Medicosocial consequences of smallpox and its eradication] Spanish	Bustamante ME	Gac Med Mex 1977 113(12): 564-73
2018	[The phase after the eradication of smallpox in Mexico, 1952-1977] Spanish	Aguirre-Bolanos N	Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos 2018 25(3): 871-7	DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702018000400015
1985	Investigation of a smallpox rumor--Mexico	Centers for Disease Control	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1985 34(23): 343-4

United States of America

Modern Overviews & Analyses

Year	Title	Authors	Journal	URL
1923	Local quarantine and inoculation for smallpox in the American colonies (1620-1775)	Tandy EC	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1923 13(3): 203-7	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.13.3.203 PMC: PMC1354394
1953	Smallpox inoculation in Colonial Boston	Blake JB	J Hist Med Allied Sci 1953 8(3): 284-300	DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/viii.july.284
1965	Inoculation in the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1721	Rudolph R, Musher DM	Arch Intern Med 1965 115: 692-6	DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1960.03860180064011
1988	The African connection. Cotton Mather and the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1721-1722	Brown TH	JAMA 1988 260(15): 2247-9	DOI: 10.1001/jama.260.15.2247
1967	Smallpox inoculation in colonial New Jersey: A contemporary account	Gerlach LR	J Rutgers Univ Libr 1967 31: 21-8	DOI: 10.14713/jrul.v31i1.1479
1967	Dr Samuel Lord and the smallpox epidemic of 1765-66 at Chatham, Massachusetts	Rogers FB	N Engl J Med 1967 276(6): 322-4	DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196702092760605
1973	Prevention of smallpox in Alta California during the Franciscan Mission Period (1769-1833)	Valle RK	Calif Med 1973 119(1): 73-7	PMC: PMC1455393
1948	Inoculation for the smallpox in colonial America	Reynolds WM	Bull Hist Med 1948 22(3): 273-6
1951	Smallpox and variolation; their historical significance in the American colonies	Bernstein SS	J Mt Sinai Hosp N Y 1951 18(4): 228-44
1977	Smallpox inoculation in the American colonies, 1763-1783	Morris JP	Md Hist 1977 8: 47-58
1983	John Jeffries and the struggle against smallpox in Boston (1775-1776) and Nova Scotia (1776-1779)	Cash P, Pine C	Bull Hist Med 1983 57(1): 93-7
2020	Three different paths to introduce the smallpox vaccine in early 19th century United States	Esparza J	Vaccine 2020 38(12): 2741-5	DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.077
1977	The high plains smallpox epidemic of 1837-38	Dollar CD	West Hist Q 1977 8: 15-38
1974	Smallpox scare in Wythe County, 1851	Chitwood WR	Wythe Cty Hist Rev 1974 6: 9-13
1970	Smallpox in New York City, 1868-1870 (from Discussion on the teachings of Jenner and the lessons of experience concerning vaccination, Harris E et al, Bull NY Acad Med 1872 4:137-42		Bull N Y Acad Med 1970 46(3):199-200	PMC: PMC1749664
1981	Smallpox in Provincetown, Massachusetts, 1872-73	Kinney EL	J Hist Med Allied Sci 1981 36(3): 334-6	DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/xxxvi.3.334
2004	Between persuasion and compulsion: Smallpox control in Brooklyn and New York, 1894-1902	Colgrove J	Bull Hist Med 2004 78(2): 349-78	DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2004.0062
1976	Politics and public health: Smallpox in Milwaukee, 1894-1895	Leavitt JW	Bull Hist Med 1976 Winter 50(4): 553-68
1995	Sewers and scapegoats: spatial metaphors of smallpox in nineteenth century San Francisco	Craddock S	Soc Sci Med 1995 41(7): 957-68	DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00409-m

Contemporaneous Accounts: 1800s


1875	State Board of Health: report of special committee upon the most effectual means of preventing small-pox in Georgia	Logan JP, Carlton HH, Cooper GF	Atlanta Med Surg J 1875 13(9): 513-25	PMC: PMC8887451
1880	The results of attempting to check the spread of small-pox in Chicago	de Wolf OC	Public Health Pap Rep 1880 6: 185-8	PMC: PMC2272549
1880	The report of the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Association on propositions submitted by the Executive Committee upon questions relating to prevention of the spread of diphtheria, scarlet fever, yellow fever, measles, small-pox, etc	Holliday DC	Public Health Pap Rep 1880 6: 416-7	PMC: PMC2272582
1881	Facts from the small-pox hospital at Troy, New York	Schuyler CC	South Med Rec 1881 11(6): 205-8	PMC: PMC9074505
1882	Small-pox and the public schools of Atlanta	Slaton WF	Atlanta Med Regist 1882 1(10): 581-3	PMC: PMC8885094
1882	Small-pox in Atlanta		South Med Rec 1882 12(4): 156	PMC: PMC9094015
1882	Variola in Buffalo	Marcley JI	Buffalo Med Surg J 1882 21(8): 337-46	PMC: PMC9423332
1882	Small-pox in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and vicinity, in 1881-82	Detwiller JW	Public Health Pap Rep 1882 8: 111-3	PMC: PMC2272314
1886	Smallpox in Texas		Daniels Tex Med J 1886 1(7): 333-4	PMC: PMC9173266
1888	Small-pox in Buffalo		Buffalo Med Surg J 1888 28(1): 40-2	PMC: PMC9472865
1895	The small-pox outbreak		Tex Med J (Austin) 1895 10(9): 474-6	PMC: PMC9591301
1984	Fighting smallpox on the Texas border: an episode from PHS's proud past	Michael JM, Bender TR	Public Health Rep 1984 99(6): 579-82	PMC: PMC1424647
1895	Small-pox in Wisconsin from January, 1894, to June, 1895	Wingate UO	Public Health Pap Rep 1895 21: 268-72	PMC: PMC2329197
1990	The Pueblo Indian smallpox epidemic in New Mexico, 1898-1899	Frost RH	Bull Hist Med 1990 64(3): 417-45
1899	Smallpox in Texas		Tex Med J (Austin) 1899 15(3): 165-6	PMC: PMC9595713
1899	Vaccination and small-pox in the United States Army		Hospital (Lond 1886) 1899 26(672): 329-30	PMC: PMC5212929

Smallpox in the 20th Century


1901	The State Association of Health Officers of Texas: a brief history of the recent outbreak of smallpox in Guadalupe County, and remarks	Myers W	Tex Med J (Austin) 1901 16(11): 486-90	PMC: PMC9591767
2001	The last smallpox epidemic in Boston and the vaccination controversy, 1901-1903	Albert MR, Ostheimer KG, Breman JG	N Engl J Med 2001 344(5):375-9	DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200102013440511
2002	Smallpox manifestations and survival during the Boston epidemic of 1901 to 1903	Albert MR, Ostheimer KG, Liewehr DJ, Steinberg SM, Breman JG	Ann Intern Med 2002 137(12): 993-1000	DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00013
2020	An analysis of the United States and United Kingdom smallpox epidemics (1901-5) - the special relationship that tested public health strategies for disease control	Brabin B	Med Hist 2020 64(1): 1-31	DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2019.74 PMC: PMC6945217
1905	Results of studies of variola in Cleveland, Ohio	Howard WT, Perkins RG, Weir WH, Pay GO	Public Health Pap Rep 1905 30: 304-9	PMC: PMC2222343
1911	Variola and varicella in San Francisco		Cal State J Med 1911 9(10): 401	PMC: PMC1894019
2002	A small-pox experience in California: February 1912	Lee E	Am J Nurs 2002 102(2): 613-4	DOI: 10.1097/00000446-200202000-00025
1915	The smallpox epidemic at Niagara Falls	Williams LR	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1915 5(5): 423-37	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.5.5.423 PMC: PMC1286601
1921	Smallpox incidence and measures of control in American and Canadian cities 1919 and 1920	Frankel LK	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1921 11(11): 979-85	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.11.11.979 PMC: PMC1353947
2002	Dept of Public Health Nursing in charge of smallpox and its consequences: February 1921	Foley EL	Am J Nurs 2002 102(2): 60-1	DOI: 10.1097/00000446-200202000-00024
1923	Control measures in the Monroe County, Michigan, smallpox epidemic, 1923	Ramsey GH	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1923 13(12): 1023-7	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.13.12.1023 PMC: PMC1354696
1923	Recent smallpox epidemic in Denver	Sharpley WH	Am J Public Health (N Y) 1923 13(3): 222-3	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.13.3.222 PMC: PMC1354402
1933	Subject of following letter: Fresno smallpox epidemic of year 1925	Gillihan AF	Cal West Med 1933 38(2): 133-4	PMC: PMC1658558
1944	Concerning smallpox outbreak in California		Cal West Med 1944 60(3): 126	PMC: PMC1780633
1947	The 1946 smallpox experience in Seattle	Palmquist EE	Can J Public Health 1947 38(5): 213-8
1947	An outbreak of smallpox in New York City	Weinstein I	Am J Public Health 1947 37(11): 1376-84	PMC: PMC1624122
1947	Recent outbreak of smallpox in New York City	Lubenstein, Goldstein, et al.	Arch Pediatr (N Y) 1947 64(7): 364-79
2015	Reflections on New York City's 1947 smallpox vaccination program and its 1976 swine influenza immunization program	Imperato PJ	J Community Health 2015 40(3): 581-96	DOI: 10.1007/s10900-015-0020-6
1953	Outbreak of smallpox in the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in 1949	Irons JV, Sullivan TD, Cook EB, Cox GW, Hale RA	Am J Public Health 1953 43(1): 25-9	DOI: 10.2105/ajph.43.1.25 PMC: PMC1620124
1967	West Africa smallpox eradication/measles control program. Surveillance Report #7: 24 Apr 1967 United States: Smallpox contacts		CDC, Smallpox eradication pgm	GHC: 3046
2003	Public resistance or cooperation? A tale of smallpox in two cities	Leavitt JW	Biosecur Bioterror 2003 1(3): 185-92	DOI: 10.1089/153871303769201833

Vaccination Policy


1965	Place of smallpox vaccination in the United States	Lebrun AJ	Arch Environ Health 1965 10: 79-83	DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1965.10663956
1965	Smallpox immunization in the United States	Kempe CH, Benenson AS	JAMA 1965 194(2): 161-6	DOI: 10.1001/jama.1965.03090150053013
1966	Smallpox vaccination in hospital personnel. Results of a survey and vaccination program at the Johns Hopkins Hospital	Smith JW, Seidl LG, Johnson JE rd	JAMA 1966 197(5): 309-14	DOI: 10.1001/jama.1966.03110050047014
1967	Smallpox vaccination. Recommendation of the U. S. Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization practices		Ann Intern Med 1967 66(2): 358-64
1967	Complications of smallpox vaccination. I. National survey in the United States, 1963	Neff JM, Lane JM, Pert JH, Moore R, Millar JD, Henderson DA	N Engl J Med 1967 276(3): 125-32	DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196701192760301
1967	Complications of smallpox vaccination United States 1963. II. Results obtained by four statewide surveys	Neff JM, Levine RH, Lane JM, Ager EA, Moore H, Rosenstein BJ, Millar JD, Henderson DA	Pediatrics 1967 39(6): 916-23	DOI: 10.1542/peds.39.6.904
1969	Complications of smallpox vaccination, 1968. National surveillance in the United States	Lane JM, Ruben FL, Neff JM, Millar JD	N Engl J Med 1969 281(22): 1201-8	DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196911272812201
1969	Routine childhood vaccination against smallpox reconsidered	Lane JM, Millar JD	N Engl J Med 1969 281(22): 1220-4	DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196911272812205
1970	Deaths attributable to smallpox vaccination, 1959 to 1966, and 1968	Lane JM, Ruben FL, Abrutyn E, Millar JD	JAMA 1970 212(3): 441-4	DOI: 10.1001/jama.1970.03170160031005
1971	Complications of smallpox vaccination, 1968. Results of a statewide survey in Alaska	Clark PS, Lane JM	Calif Med 1971 115(3): 7-10	PMC: PMC1518053
1971	Routine smallpox vaccination		JAMA 1971 218(6): 876-7	DOI: 10.1001/jama.1971.03190190062014
1971	Complications of smallpox vaccination in Washington, 1968	Thompson RS, Lane JM, Francis BJ	Northwest Med 1971 70(3): 180-4
1971	Is routine smallpox vaccination necessary in the United States?	Brown GC	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(4): 221-222	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121249
1971	Risks of smallpox vaccination complications in the United States	Lane JM, Millar JD	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(4): 238-240	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121252
1971	The case for continuing "routine" childhood smallpox vaccination in the United States	Katz SL	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(4): 241-244	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121253
1971	The case for abolishing routine childhood smallpox vaccination in the United States	Neff JM	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(4): 245-247	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121254
1971	Possible alternatives to routine smallpox vaccination in the United States	Benenson AS	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(4): 248-252	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121255
1972	Change in smallpox vaccination policy		Calif Med 1972 116(3): 108-11	PMC: PMC1518286
1972	The end of routine smallpox vaccination in the United States	Kempe CH	Pediatrics 1972 49(4): 489-92	DOI: 10.1542/peds.49.4.489
1974	Smallpox and vaccinia in the United States--1972	Koplan JP, Hicks JW	J Infect Dis 1974 129(2): 224-6	DOI: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.224
1974	WER. Smallpox and vaccinia. USA.Recommendations for suspected smallpox case	WHO	Wkly Epidemol Rec 1974 Sep 27 49(39):326-9	WHO: 10665/220039
1979	WER. Adverse reactions to smallpox vaccination. USA: Case report. Editorial note	WHO	Wkly Epidemol Rec 1979 Sep 7 54(36):276-7	WHO: 10665/222707

Year	Title	Authors	Journal	URL
1971	Field evaluation of combined more attenuated live measles (Moraten)-smallpox vaccine in Honduras and Costa Rica	Villarejos VM, Rodriguez-Aragones A, Gunera N, Arguedas JA, Buynak EB, Hilleman MR	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(5): 384-391	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121271


1971	[Instructions concerning the method of smallpox inoculation and the method of curing this disease taking into consideration the nature and way of life of the Indians of Guatemala. Printed on order of the superior government in the office of Don Ignacio Beteta, the year 1794] Spanish	Flores JF	Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1971 70(6): 500-9	PAHO: 10665.2/15228
1974	The "Real Expedicion Maritima de la Vacuna" in New Spain and Guatemala	Smith MM	Trans Am Philos Soc 1974 64(1):1-74	DOI: 10.2307/1006158


1971	Field evaluation of combined more attenuated live measles (Moraten)-smallpox vaccine in Honduras and Costa Rica	Villarejos VM, Rodriguez-Aragones A, Gunera N, Arguedas JA, Buynak EB, Hilleman MR	Am J Epidemiol 1971 93(5): 384-391	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121271

Caribbean

Antigua & Barbuda

Year	Title	Authors	Journal	URL
1960	Smallpox mortality in the Negro population of Antigua, West Indies; a historical note	Uttley KH	West Indian Med J 1960 9: 169-71

Cuba


2006	Smallpox and vaccination in Cuba. 1911	Villoldo P	Public Health Rep 2006 121 Suppl 1: 47-9; discussion 6
1956	[Role of pediatric in the National Program of Anti-smallpox Vaccination] Spanish	Bernal P	Rev Cubana Pediatr 1956 28(12): 733-4

Jamaica


1858	Account of an epidemic of small-pox in Jamaica in 1851-2	Seaton EC	Sanit Rev J Public Health 1858 4(13): T1-T12	PMC: PMC5986322
1921	Alastrim in Jamaica	MacCallum WG, Moody LM	Am J Epidemiol 1921 1(4): 388-409,	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118044
1969	Smallpox vaccination by intradermal jet injection. 2. Cutaneous and serological responses to primary vaccination in children	Roberto RR, Wulff H, Millar JD	Bull WHO 1969 41(6): 761-9	PMC: PMC2366701

Puerto Rico


1982	Smallpox epidemics in Puerto Rico during the prevaccine era (1518-1803)	Rigau-Perez JG	J Hist Med Allied Sci 1982 37(4): 423-38	DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/xxxvii.4.423
1979	[Introduction of the smallpox vaccine in Puerto Rico, 1804] Spanish	Rigau-Perez JG	Bol Asoc Med P R 1979 71(4): 147-50
1989	The introduction of smallpox vaccine in 1803 and the adoption of immunization as a government function in Puerto Rico	Rigau-Perez JG	Hisp Am Hist Rev 1989 69(3): 393-423
1985	Strategies that led to the eradication of smallpox in Puerto Rico, 1882-1921	Rigau-Perez JG	Bull Hist Med 1985 59(1): 75-88
1970	Complications of smallpox vaccination: Surveillance during an island-wide program in Puerto Rico, 1967-1968	Ratner LH, Lane JM, Vicens CN	Am J Epidemiol 1970 91(3): 278-85	DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121137